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| RANKL inhibitor ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
RANKL
:''Not to be confused with RANK, the osteoclast cell-surface receptor that binds to RANKL.''
Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), also known as tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11 (TNFSF11), TNF-related activation-induced cytokine (TRANCE), osteoprotegerin ligand (OPGL), and osteoclast differentiation factor (ODF), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''TNFSF11'' gene.
RANKL is known as a type II membrane protein and is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily. RANKL has been identified to affect the immune system and control bone regeneration and remodeling. RANKL may be used as an apoptosis regulator gene, a binding partner of OPG, a ligand for the receptor RANK and control proliferation by modifying protein levels of Id4, Id2 and cyclin D1. RANKL is expressed in several tissues and organs including: skeletal muscle, thymus, liver, colon, small intestine, adrenal gland, osteoblast, mammary gland epithelial cells, prostate and pancreas.〔 Variation in concentration levels of RANKL throughout several organs, reconfirm the uses and importance of growth (particularly bone growth) and immune functions within the body.
== Tissue expression ==
The level of RANKL expression does not linearly correlate to the effect of this ligand. High protein expression of RANKL are commonly detected in the lung, thymus and lymph nodes, and low protein expression is found in bone marrow, stomach, peripheral blood, spleen, placenta, leukocytes, heart, thyroid and skeletal muscle.〔 While bone marrow expresses low levels of RANKL, it plays a critical role for adequate bone metabolism, this surface-bound molecule (also known as CD254) found on osteoblasts serves to activate osteoclasts, which are critically involved in bone resorption. Osteoclastic activity is triggered via the osteoblasts' surface-bound RANKL activating the osteoclasts' surface-bound receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (RANK).
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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